Rhabdomyolysis

Rhabdomyolysis

Clinical syndrome caused by release of potentially toxic muscle cell components into circulation 

Triggers

  1. Trauma
    • Crush injury
    • Burns
    • Hypothermia
    • Reperfusion
  2. Drugs
  3. Congenital

Complications

  1. Renal failure - ischaemic tubular injury
  2. DIC
  3. Compartment syndrome
  4. Electrolyte imbalances - hyperkalaemia, hypocalcaemia, hyperphosphataemia, hyperuricaemia
  5. Hypovolaemia

Diagnosis

  1. Elevated CK (x5 normal)
  2. Elevated creatinine
  3. Elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase
  4. Dark urine + positive urine dipstick

Management

  1. Adequate hydration
  2. Diuretics
  3. Alkalinise urine
  4. Manage electrolyte disturbances