Neuropathic ulcer

Pathophysiology

Due to any cause of senosry loss: area of skin damage not noticed by patient

  1. Idiopathic (50-60%)
  2. Systemic: DM, SLE, hypothyroidism, vasculitis
  3. Drugs: amiodarone, alcohol, toxins
  4. Infections: TB, leprosy, HIV 

 

Approach

  1. Inspect

    • Site: formed over pressure areas (metatarsal heads, sole of foot, balls of toes)
    • Shape: irregular, correspond to shape of pressure point that has become exposed
    • Edge / base: clean, base may be deep with exposure of bone and tendon
    • Surrounding skin: normal blood supply
  2. Palpate
    • Temperature of surrounding skin
    • Peripheral pulses usually normal
    • Sensation
  3. Percuss
  4. Auscultate

Completion

  1. Perform complete neurological examination
  2. Cranial nerve examination