Femoral Embolectomy

Indications

  • Acute limb ischaemia

Workup

  • Coagulation screen
  • Test foley catheter beforehand

Performed under LA/GA 

 

Procedure

  1. Palpate femoral artery (mid inguinal point)
  2. Longitudinal incision over skin
  3. Deepen down to femoral artery
  4. Sling around CFA, SFA, Profunda
  5. Angled vascular clamp on each of three main vessels
  6. Transverse (risk of dissection) or Longitudinal (risk of stenosis) arteriotomy into femoral artery
  7. Pass catheter proximally up aortic bifurcation; inflate balloon (avoid overdistension - damages intima), withdraw any clot (assistant tightens tape to prevent bleeding)
    • Send clot / embolus for histology - never know what is is!
  8. When good inflow, inject heparinized saline up vessel + reapply clamp
    • If unable to achieve good back bleeding - do on-table angiogram
    • If unable to achieve good inflow - get help
  9. Repeat on SFA, PFA
  10. Repair arteriotomy (5/O non-absorbable)
  11. Remove clamps, tapes, check haemostasis
  12. Insert suction drain
  13. Close wound
  14. Check + document pulse / clinical condition of limb

Complications

  • Dissection
  • Perforation of vessel
  • Amputation